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| The efficacy of a smartphone-based app on stress reduction: randomized controlled trial |
| Hwang H, Kim SM, Netterstrom B, Han DH |
| Journal of Medical Internet Research 2022 Feb;24(2):e28703 |
| clinical trial |
| 7/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: Yes; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: Yes; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed* |
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BACKGROUND: Stress management in the workplace is essential for a healthy mental and physical state. Due to technological advancements, individually tailored therapy and online cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are on the rise. OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed the efficacy of a smartphone app based on third-wave CBT tailored to an individual. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 126 participants who were divided into 2 groups. The intervention group used the smartphone app BetterLife for 10 weeks, while the control group was placed on a waiting list for the same duration. The Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS), Korean Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 (UWES), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were administered at baseline and after 10 weeks to both groups. RESULTS: Of the 126 participants, 11 dropped out during the trial. A 2-way repeated measure analysis of covariance was conducted, controlling for baseline BDI. There were greater improvements in PSS (F = 24.33, p < 0.001, eta2 0.17) and UWESK scores (F = 8.32, p = 0.0046, eta2 0.06) in the intervention group than in the control group. WHOQOL scores exhibited statistically significant improvement in the intervention group in the overall quality of life (F = 8.19, p = 0.0049, eta2 0.06), physical health (F = 8.87, p = 0.003, eta2 0.07), psychological health (F = 13.32, p < 0.001, eta2 0.10), social relationships (F = 19.43, p < 0.001, eta2 0.14), and environmental domains (F = 10.14, p = 0.002, eta2 0.08) but not overall health (F = 1.68, p = 0.20). BDI (F = 7.17, p = 0.008, eta2 0.06) and BAI (F = 6.00, p = 0.02, eta2 0.05) showed a statistically significant improvement in the intervention group, but this significance did not survive the Bonferroni correction (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence that smartphone-based CBT is a viable option for reducing stress in the workplace. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Research Information Service KCT0003231; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/15137.
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