OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a multidimensional exercise intervention on improving fall risk deterrent factors, such as overall strength and flexibility in nursing home residents. METHODS: A multi-centre, randomized controlled trial was finally utilized in 40 older adults (> 65 years) who were randomly allocated to the intervention or the control group (20 subjects in each). The intervention group attended an exercise program twice a week for eight weeks, to improve functional mobility. The control group did not receive any intervention. Measurements before and after intervention included the Hand Grip Strength (HGS) testing, the Sit-to-Stand test (SST), the Back Scratch Test (BST), and the Sit-and-Reach test (SRT). RESULTS: MANOVA revealed significant time effects, V = 0.336, F[6, 33] = 2.78, p = 0.027, partial eta2 = 0.336; group effects, V = 0.599, F[6, 33] = 8.22, p < 0.001, partial eta2 = 0.599; and group*time interaction, V = 0.908, F[6, 33] = 54.52, p < 0.001, partial eta2 = 0.908. A subsequent univariate analysis did not reveal a significant time effect for any variable (p > 0.05). Significant group effects were observed only for SRT (p < 0.05). Significant group*time interactions were observed for all the examined variables (p < 0.05). Dependent t-tests showed that the older adults in the exercise group were significantly improved in all the examined parameters (p < 0.05). Except for SRT (p > 0.05), all the other parameters significantly deteriorated in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Significant improvements were demonstrated in strength and flexibility among nursing home residents following an eight-week group exercise training program.

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