INTRODUCTION: Insulin resistance and low adropin level are two risk factors for comorbidity in overweight individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate whether eight weeks of endurance (ET) and resistance training (RT) could affect adropin and insulin resistance among overweight men. METHODS: In this clinical trial, 27 overweight university students (20 to 28 years of age; 25 < body mass index > 29.9) were recruited and randomly allocated into three groups: control (n = 9), RT (n = 9) and ET (n = 9). The RT consisted of eight moves (3 sessions/ week) performed in two sets of 6 repetitions with 30% of 1 repetition maximum (RM) during week 1, and gradually increased to four sets of 6 repetitions with 70% of 1RM by the 8th week. The ET program included treadmill running (3 days/week) performed during 15 to 40min for eight weeks with an intensity of 50 to 80% of the maximum heart rate. RESULTS: The results showed that the levels of adropin in the ET group significantly increased more than that of RT and control group. Moreover, fasting blood insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance significantly decreased in both groups, while fasting blood glucose and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index did not significantly change. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded from the results of this study that eight weeks of ET and RT could help improve the metabolic profile among overweight youngsters. It is also possible that ET is more beneficial in this matter than RT.

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