This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and detraining on the quality of life and mental health of 23 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Participants were randomly assigned to the HIIT group (n = 12) (26.0 +/- 3.92) and the control group (n = 11) (26.6 +/- 4.68). HIIT sessions comprised 40 to 60 min, 3 days a week for 12 weeks, followed by detraining for 30 days. We assessed the quality of life using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and mental health by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and we compared group changes on these variables at three time points: (1) at baseline, (2) after 12 weeks of HIIT (or no training), and (3) after 30 days of detraining (or no training). The participants were classified as overweight and had a high percentage of body fat (41.5%) and irregular menstrual cycles (amenorrhea) (66.7%). Throughout training, participants in the HIIT group reported improvements in domains of the quality of life: functional capacity (M = 80.4 +/- 3.4 versus M = 87.0 +/- 3.1), physical role functioning (M = 72.5 +/- 9.4 versus M = 81.8 +/- 9.7), and general health perception (M = 48.6 +/- 4.6 versus M = 69.0 +/- 5.8). Regarding anxiety symptoms (M = 6.4 +/- 1.6 versus M = 3.7 +/- 0.7) and depression symptoms (M = 6.7 +/- 1.6 versus M = 3.8 +/- 0.9), those reduced significantly after HIIT. After a 30-day detraining period, there was an increase in the significant change in the quality of life; however, domains of mental health showed instability. In summary, the HIIT program promoted improvements in the quality of life and mental health in women with PCOS. The 30 days of detraining changed the benefits in the quality of life and stability in the changes in mental health domains.

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