BACKGROUND: The study aimed to discuss the influences of 24-form Tai Chi on cardio-pulmonary functions, exercise performances, and cognitive functions of the aged. METHODS: Forty old people in Pingdingshan of China were selected through convenient sampling method from 2020 to 2021. They were randomly divided into the observation group (n = 20) and the control group (n = 20). The observation group exercised 24-form Tai Chi for 8 weeks, three times per week, 45 min per session. The respondents were evaluated by cardiopulmonary exercise testing, sitting-standing test, 6-min walking test, and the Berg balance scale. The P300 test was performed to evaluate the cognitive functions of respondents. RESULTS: After the intervention, the observation group was significantly (p < 0.05) superior to the control group concerning maximal oxygen consumption, anaerobic threshold, vital capacity, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left end-diastolic velocity (EDV), sitting-standing test, 6-min walking test, and the Breg balance function scores, showing statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The content of body fat and body mass index (BMI) of the observation group decreased significantly, whereas muscle mass and fat-free mass increased dramatically, which were however significantly lower than those of the controlled group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the P3b amplitude of the observation group increased significantly (p < 0.05) and was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The 24-form Tai Chi not only improves cardio-pulmonary functions and exercise performances of the aged but also increases cognitive functions of the aged.

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