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Effects of yogic interventions on patients diagnosed with cardiac diseases. a systematic review and meta-analysis |
Kalra S, Miraj M, Ajmera P, Shaik RA, Seyam MK, Shawky GM, Alasiry SM, Mohamed EH, Alasiri HM, Alzhrani M, Alanazi A, Alqahtani M, Shaikh AR, Al-Otaibi ML, Saleem S, Pal S, Jain V, Ahmad F |
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2022 Aug 4;9:Epub |
systematic review |
OBJECTIVE: Presently, evidence-based research studies on the efficacy of complimentary therapies like yoga for patients with different cardiac diseases are limited and conflicting. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on yogic interventions compared with usual care or non-pharmacological treatment in patients diagnosed with cardiac diseases. METHODS: We conducted an electronic search of literature published from 2006 to May 2021 through five databases. PRISMA statement was used to develop and report a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Sixteen RCTs were included in the systematic review and 11 RCTs were used for meta-analysis. Outcome measures were blood pressure, lipid profile, and psychosocial measures. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess bias risk. RESULTS: The results show that yogic interventions resulted in significant reduction in systolic (d = 046; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.84; I = 81.86%) and diastolic blood pressures (d = 0.56; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.99, I = 84.84%). A medium statistically significant increase in HDL (d = 0.67; 95% CI 0 to 1.33; I 79.7%) and a low but significant effect on LDL (d = 0.23; 95% CI -0.08 to 0.54; I 32.61%), total cholesterol (d = 0.28; 95% CI -0.14 to 0.7; I 63.72%), and triglycerides (d = 0.43; 95% CI -0.1 to 0.97; I 76.64%) were observed. Pooled effect sizes showed a medium to low statistically significant effect on psychosocial indicators viz., QoL, stress, anxiety, and depression. CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis found strong evidence of effectiveness of yogic interventions on lipid profile, blood pressure, and psychosocial outcomes in patients with diagnosed cardiac diseases.
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