OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a perioperative pelvic floor muscle training program on urinary incontinence symptoms and the quality of life of patients after radical prostatectomy. METHODS: This single-center, parallel-group, randomized, controlled study was conducted with a total of 60 patients undergoing open radical prostatectomy in a training and research hospital in Turkey. Patients were randomly assigned to the pelvic floor muscle training group (n = 30) and the control group (n = 30). The data were collected by face-to-face and phone interviews following surgery at seven days after removal of the urethral catheter (baseline) and 3 months using the Patient Information Form, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire for Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Independent-samples t-test, and paired-samples test were used to analyze the data. Primary and secondary endpoints were the differences between groups in terms of both scale scores after 3 months. FINDINGS: After 3 months, Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form scores (p < 0.001) and "voiding, incontinence, frequency, nocturia" symptoms scores (p < 0.001) were significantly lower in the pelvic floor muscle training group, and quality of life scores were higher than in the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: According to this study, the perioperative pelvic floor muscle training program was effective on patients' urinary incontinence symptoms and quality of life 3 months after radical prostatectomy. Evidence-based practices should be used for patients to alleviate common urinary symptoms and to accelerate the recovery of urinary continence.

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