BACKGROUND: Evidence for the effects of acupuncture on postoperative pain of Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is inconsistent. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture for postoperative pain of LDH. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive search on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and four Chinese databases (CNKI, Wan Fang, CBMdisc, and VIP) for articles published before September 2021. The data extraction table was made for the ten included studies, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration tool, followed by statistical analysis using RevMan 5.3. RESULTS: A total of ten studies involving 838 patients were included. The statistical meta-analysis showed that acupuncture treatment was significantly better than drugs in improving cure rate (OR 2.24, 95% CI (1.58 to 3.19), p < 0.00001) and the total effectiveness rate (OR 4.85, 95% CI (2.59 to 9.08), p < 0.00001). And the results from the meta-analysis showed that acupuncture group was superior to control group in debasing visual analog scale score (MD -1.26, 95% CI (-1.72 to -0.79), p < 0.00001) and improving Japanese Orthopaedic Association score (MD 4.21, 95% CI (1.53 to 6.90), p < 0.00001). In addition, acupuncture was statistically significantly better than drugs (OR 0.27, 95% CI (0.11 to 0.62), p = 0.002) in the incidence of adverse events, However, there was no statistically significant difference between acupuncture and rehabilitation (OR 0.36, 95% CI (0.07 to 1.98), p = 0.24). CONCLUSION: Acupuncture is an effective and safe treatment for postoperative pain of LDH. It can be recommended to manage patients with postoperative pain of LDH. However, considering the unsatisfactory quality of the included studies, more high-quality randomized controlled trials with a large sample size are needed to elucidate this issue.

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