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The effects of cardiac rehabilitation including Nordic walking in patients with chronic coronary syndromes after percutaneous coronary interventions in elective mode
Januszek R, Kocik B, Silka W, Gregorczyk-Maga I, Mika P
Medicina (Kaunas) 2023 Jul;59(7):1355
clinical trial
4/10 [Eligibility criteria: No; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is a worldwide method of coronary revascularisation. The aim of this study was to assess the immediate and long-term effects of Nordic walking (NW) training added to a standard cardiac rehabilitation programme on physical activity (PA) and capacity and life quality, as well as selected proatherogenic risk factors. METHODS: The studied group comprised 50 patients (considering exclusion criteria, 40 patients), aged 56 to 70, with CCS after elective PCI qualified them for a 6-weeks-long cardiac rehabilitation. The follow-up period lasted 4 months, and control visits occurred at 2 and 4 months. The studied patients were randomly divided into two groups: control group-standard cardiac rehabilitation programme and experimental group-standard cardiac rehabilitation programme additionally combined with NW training. RESULTS: The cardiac rehabilitation programme in the experimental, compared to the control group, increased intense PA (from 731.43 +/- 909.9 to 2740 +/- 2875.96 versus from 211.43 +/- 259.43 to 582.86 +/- 1289.74 MET min/week) and aerobic efficiency VO2peak (from 8.67 +/- 0.88 to 9.96 +/- 1.35 versus from 7.39 +/- 2 to 7.41 +/- 2.46 METs), as well as quality of life according to the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (from 3.57 +/- 0.51 to 4.14 +/- 0.36 versus from 3.29 +/- 0.47 to 3.57 +/- 0.51 points). The walking distance assessed with the 6 min walk test did not differ between the groups before the beginning of the rehabilitation programme. Both at the I follow-up and II follow-up time points, a significant increase in the walking distance was noted in the control and experimental groups compared to baseline, and the difference between both groups was significant at the end of follow-up (378.57 +/- 71.35 versus 469.29 +/- 58.07, p = 0.003). Moreover, NW had a positive effect on the modulation within selected biochemical risk factors of atherosclerosis, as well as subjective quality of life and well-being. CONCLUSIONS: Introducing NW training into the cardiac rehabilitation process proved to be a more effective form of therapy in patients with CCS treated via PCI, as compared to the standard cardiac rehabilitation programme alone.

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