BACKGROUND: Any defect in extremities of the body can affect different life aspects. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Roy's adaptation model-guided education on promoting the adaptation of veterans with lower extremities amputation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a randomized clinical trial, 60 veterans with lower extremities amputation referring to Kowsar Orthotics and Prosthetics Center of veterans clinic in Tehran, Iran, were recruited with convenience method and were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups during 2013 to 2014. For data collection, Roy's adaptation model questionnaire was used. After completing the questionnaires in both groups, maladaptive behaviors were determined in the intervention group and an education program based on Roy's adaptation model was implemented. After two months, both groups completed the questionnaires again. Data was analyzed with SPSS software. RESULTS: Independent t-test showed statistically significant differences between the two groups in the post-test stage in terms of the total score of adaptation (p = 0.001) as well as physiologic (p = 0.0001) and role function modes (p = 0.004). The total score of adaptation (139.43 +/- 5.45 to 127.54 +/- 14.55, p = 0.006) as well as the scores of physiologic (60.26 +/- 5.45 to 53.73 +/- 7.79, p = 0.001) and role function (20.30 +/- 2.42 to 18.13 +/- 3.18, p = 0.01) modes in the intervention group significantly increased, whereas the scores of self-concept (42.10 +/- 4.71 to 39.40 +/- 5.67, p = 0.21) and interdependence (16.76 +/- 2.22 to 16.30 +/- 2.57, p = 0.44) modes in the two stages did not have a significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Findings of this research indicated that the Roy's adaptation model-guided education promoted the adaptation level of physiologic and role function modes in veterans with lower extremities amputation. However, this intervention could not promote adaptation in self-concept and interdependence modes. More intervention is advised based on Roy's adaptation model for improving the adaptation of veterans with lower extremities.

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