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The effectiveness of the Copenhagen adduction exercise on improving eccentric hip adduction strength among soccer players with groin injury: a randomized controlled trial
Alsirhani AA, Muaidi QI, Nuhmani S, Thorborg K, Husain MA, Al Attar WSA
The Physician and Sportsmedicine 2024 Oct;52(5):497-506
clinical trial
7/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: Yes; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: Yes; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

INTRODUCTION: Groin injuries are common in soccer players and often involve adductor muscle strains. The Copenhagen Adduction Exercise (CAE) is a targeted intervention whose effectiveness in rehabilitation for these injuries warrants investigation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of a rehabilitation program, which includes the CAE, on eccentric hip adduction (EHAD) strength, hip joint range of motion (ROM), self-reported disability, and pain among soccer players with adductor-related groin pain. It was hypothesized that the addition of CAE to the rehabilitation program would yield greater improvements. METHODS: Employing a randomized controlled trial with a two-group parallel design, thirty male soccer players with a mean age of 26.4 +/- 3.9 years were randomized into an intervention group (IG) including CAE (n = 15) and a control group (CG) without CAE (n = 15), based on a power analysis to ensure 80% power to detect significant differences. Both groups engaged in their respective rehabilitation programs twice a week for eight weeks. The primary outcome measured was EHAD strength, while secondary outcomes included hip joint ROM, self-reported disability measured by the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS), and pain levels. RESULTS: Significant improvements within groups were observed across all measures (p < 0.001). The IG demonstrated a greater increase in EHAD strength (Mean Difference (MD) 0.49 Nm/kg, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.31 to 0.66), a more pronounced reduction in pain (MD -1.60, 95% CI -2.18 to -1.02), and betterment in all HAGOS subscale scores compared to the CG. There were no significant between-group differences in hip joint ROM. CONCLUSION: Incorporating the CAE into rehabilitation programs significantly improves EHAD strength, decreases pain scores, and reduces self-reported disability in soccer players with adductor-related groin pain. REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05589623.
Abstract reprinted with permission from The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved.

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