Adolescent obesity can impair cardiopulmonary function, vascular elasticity, endothelial function, and vagosympathetic balance. While moderateintensity continuous training (MICT) benefits cardiovascular health in obese adolescents, the effects of highintensity interval training (HIIT) are less understood. We hypothesize that HIIT may be more effective than MICT in improving VO2peak, vascular elasticity, endothelial function, and vagosympathetic balance in obese adolescent boys. Forty four participants were randomly assigned to the HIIT (101min at 85% to 95% peak HR, intersperse with 2min active recovery at 60% to 70% peak HR) or MICT (35 min at 65% to 75% peak HR) for an 8week program. The primary outcome measured was the change in VO2peak with secondary outcomes including brachialankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), flowmediated dilation (FMD), and heart rate variability (HRV). Forty four adolescent boys with obesity (age, 14 +/- 1 years old, body mass index, 31.6 +/- 1.3 kg/m2) were enrolled and 43 (97.73%) completed the 8week exercise. No significant difference of VO2peak was found between the HIIT and MICT group (p = 0.243). There was no significant difference of baPWV between the groups (p = 0.789). Change in FMD% was significantly higher in the HIIT group compared to the MICT group (p < 0.001). The Change in HRVhigh frequency (HRVHF; p = 0.009) and HRVlow frequency/high frequency (HRVLF/HF; p = 0.035) was significantly higher in the HIIT group compared to the MICT group. Among adolescent boys with obesity, 8week HIIT and MICT had similar effects on improving VO2peak. HIIT may be superior to MICT to improve endothelial function and vagosympathetic balance.

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