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Combined effects of time-restricted eating and exercise on short-term blood glucose management in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the TREx study, a randomised controlled trial
Bravo-Garcia AP, Radford BE, Hall RC, Broome SC, Tee N, Arthur B, Janssens K, Johnston RD, Halson SL, Devlin BL, Hawley JA, Parr EB
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2025 Apr;222:112081
clinical trial
5/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: Yes; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

AIMS: Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a chrono-nutrition strategy where the daily 'eating window' is reduced to 8-10h. We investigated the acute (14-h) effects of TRE, with and without post-meal exercise, on blood glucose and insulin concentrations in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Fourteen participants (5F, 9M; HbA1c: 7.6 +/- 1.0%) completed four conditions in this randomised crossover study: CON (eating window, 0800 to 2000h), CON with exercise (CON plus Ex; 0800 to 2000h +15min walking at 60%VO2peak, 45min post-meal), TRE (eating window 1000 to 1800h), and TRE with exercise (TRE plus Ex, 1000 to 1800h +15min walking as per CON plus Ex), with standardised meals. Venous blood samples were collected at 26-timepoints and analysed for glucose and insulin concentrations. Statistical analysis used linear mixed-effects models with p < 0.05. RESULTS: Reducing the eating window had little effect on plasma glucose 14-h Area under the curve (AUC). Exercise reduced insulin 14-h AUC (p = 0.01) with no additive effect of TRE. CONCLUSION: Post-meal exercise lowered 14-h insulin AUC, neither 8-h TRE nor post-meal exercise altered 14-h blood glucose compared with 12-h eating window. Future work should focus on long-term effects of TRE combined with exercise for enhancing blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
With permission from Excerpta Medica Inc.

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