Irisin, an adipo-myokine, is positively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and negatively associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is unclear if individuals with longer or shorter durations of T2DM express the same irisin levels following exercise . The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of 28 weeks of moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic exercise on irisin levels in individuals with short- and long-duration T2DM. This secondary analysis included participants (n = 34) aged >= 19 years old with T2DM who completed 28 weeks of aerobic exercise training for 150 minutes per week at a moderate-to-vigorous intensity- 16 weeks at a moderate intensity (4.5 metabolic equivalents of tasks (METs)) and then randomized to 12 weeks of maintained-intensity (4.5 METs) or increased-intensity (6.0 METs) aerobic exercise . Participants were categorized into two groups: 1) short-duration T2DM (<10 years) or 2) long-duration T2DM (>=10 years). Irisin was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting techniques. All measurements were performed at baseline, 16 weeks, and 28 weeks. A significant time x T2DM duration group interaction (F(2) = 8.062, p < 0.01) was observed with 28 weeks of moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic exercise . Western blot analysis revealed a 1.37-fold increase in plasma irisin expression (p = 0.03) in the long-duration increased-intensity group and no change in irisin expression (p > 0.05) in the maintained-intensity groups of short- and long-duration. The results of this analysis suggest that 28 weeks of moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic exercise differently impacted plasma irisin in individuals with short- or long-duration T2DM.

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