BACKGROUND: With aging, the efficiency of the body's postural stability systems gradually decreases, leading to changes in balance strategies among the elderly and an increased prevalence of falls. OBJECTIVES: Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of eight weeks of square-stepping exercises on the electromyographic changes in muscles associated with falls in elderly men. METHODS: This randomized clinical trial involved 30 elderly men aged 60 to 75 years, selected from the community based on specific entry criteria. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: 15 participants in the square-stepping exercise group and 15 in the control group. Pre-test measurements were taken for the electromyography (EMG) of the internal and external gastrocnemius, anterior tibialis, quadriceps, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, and gluteus maximus muscles. The exercise group then performed the square-stepping exercise program for eight weeks, with three weekly sessions, each lasting 60 to 70 minutes. The control group continued with their usual daily activities. Post-test measurements were taken at the end of the study. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that eight weeks of square-stepping exercises significantly increased the percentage of electrical activity and the onset time of EMG in the internal and external gastrocnemius, anterior tibialis, quadriceps, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, and gluteus maximus muscles in the exercise group compared to the control group (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Square-stepping exercises are recommended as a safe and effective method to improve the electrical activity of fallrelated muscles, enhance balance, and prevent falls in elderly men within this age group.

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